Ever since its accession to the European Union in 2004 the Czech Republic could take advantage of the European Structural and Investment Funds as well as EU Framework Programmes for Research and Innovation. Both of these sources have been used extensively to boost investment into R&D and continue to do so today. This section shows basic information about both of these funding mechanisms, whether they are administered by the state or by the European Commission, as is the case with Horizon 2020.